Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is of significant concern in the realm of high impact contact sports. including mixed martial arts (MMA). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) travel between the brain and oral cavity and may be isolated from salivary samples as a noninvasive biomarker of TBI. Salivary EVs may highlight acute neurocognitive or neuropathological changes. https://parisnaturalfoodes.shop/product-category/org-spirulina/